Lord's Resistance Army (LRA): The LRA, led by Joseph Kony, has been active primarily in Uganda, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Known for its brutal tactics, including abductions, child soldiers, and civilian massacres, the LRA has caused widespread devastation in the region.
Boko Haram: Boko Haram, based in northeastern Nigeria, has been involved in a violent insurgency aiming to establish an Islamic state. Their attacks have resulted in numerous casualties, displacement of populations, and destruction of infrastructure.
Al-Shabaab: Al-Shabaab is an extremist group operating in Somalia, with the goal of establishing an Islamic state. They have carried out numerous attacks, including bombings, assassinations, and guerrilla warfare, causing instability and a humanitarian crisis in the country.
National Liberation Forces (FNL): The FNL was a rebel group active in Burundi, fighting against the government during the Burundian Civil War. Though the conflict officially ended in 2006, remnants of the group continued sporadic violence until 2009 when they transformed into a political party.
Revolutionary United Front (RUF): The RUF operated in Sierra Leone during the country's civil war (1991-2002). Notorious for their use of child soldiers and brutal tactics, including amputations and mass killings, the RUF contributed to the destabilization and human suffering in Sierra Leone.
Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A): The SPLM/A fought against the Sudanese government in the long-running Sudanese Civil War. The conflict ultimately led to the independence of South Sudan in 2011, but internal divisions within the SPLM/A have also resulted in violence in the newly formed nation.
Allied Democratic Forces (ADF): The ADF is a rebel group operating in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and other neighboring countries. Initially formed to fight against the Ugandan government, the ADF has evolved into a criminal organization involved in illicit activities, including kidnappings and massacres.
National Liberation Forces (FLN): The FLN is a rebel group that emerged in Rwanda and is primarily active in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Composed of ethnic Hutus, some of whom were involved in the Rwandan Genocide, the FLN has been engaged in sporadic armed activities.
Niger Delta Avengers (NDA): The NDA is a militant group operating in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. They have targeted oil infrastructure, demanding greater resource control and better living conditions for the local communities affected by oil extraction.
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