Delegates from major emerging economies and developing world leaders are meeting in Johannesburg for the BRICS summit.
The main question is whether global governance can be reshaped to give the majority of the world an equal voice in decisions.
The Global South, with 85% of the world's population, is marginalized in global decision-making dominated by Western powers.
The summit aims to reform global governance architecture for a more equitable, inclusive, and just global community.
BRICS consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, comprising 40% of the world's population, 25% of the global economy, and 20% of global trade.
Critics question BRICS' relevance and achievements, often discussing future intentions rather than practical steps.
Recent changes show a shift toward making BRICS more effective and substantial.
Key issues include challenging dollar dominance, expanding the group, and discussing their own currency options.
Russia and China seek a stronger BRICS due to international isolation and sanctions.